Science Project: Enzymatic activity [digestion of protein]

Purpose of the Science Project:

              This Science Project: Enzymatic activity is designed to conduct a science project in the home itself. Aim of our science project is, to see the Enzymatic activity [digestion of protein] from the things available in our home. Here we are going to perform digestion of protein (egg white) in the presence of enzymes (exonuclease or endonuclease). These experiments are suitable for science fair projects for 8th grade.

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Content: 

1. What are Enzymatic activity and its application in the science project? 
2. What are Invivo and Invitro biological systems in science project?
3. How does enzyme help in the biological process and from that to generate science project?
4. How can we classify the enzymes and use them in science project?
5. Materials Required for experiments
6. Science Project: Standard Operating Protocol(SOP)
7. Observation from this science project
8. The outcome of this science project
9. Further Science project plans

                We are going to discuss the science project here and some question and answer section too. It will help to understand the things clearly.

1. What are Enzymatic activity and its application in the science project?

     
                              Living systems are made macro biomolecules. In this category, DNA, Protein, lipid, peptide, etc., All Enzymes come in the protein category. That made by amino acid. This amino acid acts as the building blocks for the protein structure. All enzymes are proteins, whether all proteins are enzymes? No, Not. Proteins are made from amino acid building blocks. Enzymes activate biochemical transformation in the biological systems in vivo and invitro.

            Using these enzymes in the science project, it depends on the level of a science project. If you have a science project which are related to biomolecules, you should get permission from science project authority. After getting permission from the authority, you should develop a good science project. Special care is required for science fair projects for 8th grade.

          In this paragraph, I am going to tell you a few tips for your science project. The enzymes usage could be described in a more detail way in your science project idea. The safety material data sheets must include in the science project detail proposal and report. When you are mentioning the name of an enzyme in the science project report, use more number of bold or some specific font to just differentiate from other words.

2. What are Invivo and Invitro biological systems in science project?

          There are different science project used to understand nature. If you want to do a science project in biology, you should use a specific science project.

           Biology evolved from microscopy invention. In addition to this, we can also use nanoscopy such as atomic force microscopy(AFM), scanning electron microscope(SEM) and Transmission electron microscope(TEM). etc, in a science project and you can use microscopy and nanoscopy in your science project also. Science project needs step by step detail science project instructions.

             Invivo means the biological process takes place inside our body. If we are inducing some biochemical reaction, it gives the change in the living system or living cell. It is one of the best science project that can use in the science project. You can design more science project from these science projects. All these science projects should get permission from the authority. Middle school events such as science fair projects for 8th grade gets permission easily.

         Invitro means similar cells we are growing outside in the laboratory environment. you can also use them in the science project. But these science project definitely need step by step science project instruction about invitro process. Besides this, a proper laboratory setup is required for this science project. Before implementing any science project, you should design detail science methodology for your science project.

3. How does enzyme help in the biological process and from that to generate science project?

               In the science project of the enzyme, obviously, it plays a very important role in all biological processes that take place in our body. There are so many different types of enzymes in our bodies. Among them, some enzymes are good, no toxic to our bodies and that type of enzymes, we can use for our science project.
     
          Without a doubt, you can plan for your science project with these enzymes. The first step in your science project is to collect information about these enzymes. Nowadays, we are using these enzymes in our detergents.        

          In the biological process, enzymes can either build a biomaterial from small building blocks or some other enzymes which break the big bio-material (biomacromolecules)into small fragments.              

Possible Science Project :

1.Different enzymatic detergent from the market place at room temperature.
2.Different food products can be used for enzymatic activity.
3.Different temperature check for the enzymatic activity of the detergent.

4. How can we classify the enzymes and use them in a science project?

      DNA binding enzymes are classified into the following categories:

       (a) Endonuclease: The enzymes bind in the middle of DNA strand
       (b) Exonuclease: The enzymes bind at the end of the DNA strand
       (c) Helicase: The enzymes open the DNA double helix
         
        We can use the enzymes according to their binding affinity in our science project. you can design science project without using DNA. Here we used them in our science project without using DNA. Our entire science project is using detergent enzymes. These detergent enzymes are used to digestion of protein from egg.

Exonuclease Activity:

       Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes have three types of exonuclease family of enzymes. That can be named as follows.

• 5' to 3' exonuclease
• 3' to 5' exonuclease
• poly(A)-specific 3' to 5' exonuclease

     The main cause of RNA degradation in eukaryotes and prokaryotes are nothing but due to the exonuclease family of enzymes. Generally, inside the exosome, as large protein subunits consist of the huge number of 3' to 5' exonuclease. DNA polymerase (I) plays a very important role in DNA nucleotide synthesis. Moreover, This particular enzyme shows 3' to 5' and 5' to 3' exonuclease activity.  This activity helpful in DNA proofreading and error mismatch editing.

   
     In addition, these two types of exonuclease activity are not similar. Thus, the 3' to 5' exonuclease could remove one mononucleotide from the DNA at a time. But, the 5' to 3' exonuclease could remove one or 9-10 nucleotides at a time. In reactivity point of view, 5' to 3' exonuclease is more active than 3' to 5' exonuclease. This type of biological process is called exonuclease activity.

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Materials Required for experiments:

1. Aluminum tin                            ---           2 nos
2. Rubber cork and wool wrap    ----          2 nos
3. Boiled Egg                               -----         1 no
4. Normal detergent                     ----          one pack
5. Detergent Enzymes                ------  one pack
6. water (purified water)              ---         1 liter

Standard Operating Protocol(SOP):

1. Take one boiled egg and cut it into four equal parts.
2. Two-part of egg white is added to aluminum tin-1 and remaining two-partof egg white added to aluminum tin-2. (label them properly).
3. Add water around half a portion of both labeled aluminum tins.
4. One tablespoon of normal detergent adds to Aluminium tin-1.
5. One tablespoon of detergent enzymes  adds to Aluminium tin-2.
6. Close both the tins with a rubber cork and wrap with wool, keep it in warm condition.

Science Project: Enzymatic activity with detergent enzymes  [digestion of protein]

Observation from Science Project:  Every eight hours once you observe the changes in the enzymatic activity in the presence of detergent enzymes and note down everything in the record book with photos (if possible). You are going to follow the same method for about three days.

Outcomes from science Project:  Enzymes in the aluminum tin-2 will break the egg white protein completely. The enzymes convert solid egg white into liquid form. If you check the same normal detergent reactivity in another aluminum tin-1, then it will be solid form as an outcome. Because we use normal detergent in Aluminium tin-1. You will observe the digestion of protein in the presence of enzymes.

Further Science project plans:

(a) You can plan for many more experiments on  digestion of protein. This process differs from other protein sources. You can observe the different rates of digestion of protein foods.

 (b) You can differentiate the cooked and non-cooked protein sources with digestion of protein experimentation.

   This particular science project and their experimental results could be displayed in science fair projects for 8th grade.

         In this blog, not only focus on science project for all grade students. Along with that, other students whoever interest in science can see more experiments in our sitemap.

Have fun with Science!